(Helsen et al., 2005 Musch and Grondin, 2001) A RAE exists when the relative age quarter distribution, of a selected sports group shows a biased distribution with more relatively older athletes whose birth months are close to the cut-off date for the competition categories within the selection year, compared to an equal distribution of births months in the general population. The relative age effect (RAE) was first documented in professional Canadian ice hockey (Barnsley et al., 1985) since then researchers have proven its presence in other sports, as well.
As a result, changes in the talent development system are imperative. The RAE influences not only the participation rate in alpine skiing, but also the performances. This study demonstrated that the RAE poses a problem as early as the youngest level of youth ski racing, thereby indicating that many young talented kids are discriminated against, diminishing any chance they might have of becoming elite athletes despite their talents and efforts. The data revealed that relative age had a highly significant influence on performance. Among the athletes of the Kids Cup, the relative age quarter distribution differed highly significantly from the distribution of the total sample with an over representation of relatively older athletes by comparison taking the top three positions. There are not again favorably selected the relatively older athletes from the first into the second level of youth ski racing (Teenager Cup). Chi²-tests revealed a highly significant RAE already at the youngest level of youth ski racing (Kids Cup) at both the provincial and national levels.
The study included the investigation of 1,438 participants of the Austrian Kids Cup and 1,004 participants of the Teenager Cup at the provincial level, as well as 250 finalists of the Kids Cup and 150 finalists of the Teenager Cup at the national level. As a consequence, the purpose of the present study was twofold: first, to examine the extent of the RAE and second, to assess the influence the relative age has on the overall performance at the youngest levels of youth ski racing. However, it was not made apparent whether the RAE exists as early as at the youngest level of youth ski racing at national level, nor whether the relative age influences racing performance. The relative age effect (RAE), which refers to an over representation of athletes born early in a selection year, recently was proven to be present in alpine skiing.
0 kommentar(er)
